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Public liability insurance covers legal fees and compensation if a member of the public makes a claim against your business.

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Author

Joe Phelan

Editor

Lucinda O'Brien

Last updated

December 23rd, 2024

What is public liability insurance?

Public liability insurance provides financial protection if a member of the public makes a claim against your business. If someone is injured or property is damaged due to your business, it will cover legal fees and compensation, protecting you from unexpected costs.

Public liability insurance is available to businesses of all sizes, sectors, and structures. Whether you’re a sole trader, freelancer, or manage a company with hundreds of employees, it provides peace of mind by covering third-party incidents, injuries, or property damage.

Why public liability insurance is more than just a nice-to-have

Public liability insurance may not be a legal requirement for all businesses, but it’s still a valuable safeguard for protecting both your business, and your long-term financial security.

For starters, it provides peace of mind. Accidents happen, and public liability insurance acts as a safety net against the costs of legal fees, medical expenses, and the claims themselves. It also builds trust with clients. Many businesses won’t work with you unless you have insurance in place, so having coverage can open doors to more opportunities.

Public liability insurance offers financial security, protects your reputation, and ensures you’re covered when the unexpected happens. It’s not just about meeting legal obligations – it’s about safeguarding your business’ future.

in 2023/24, 58,933 compensation claims for public liability accidents were registered with the Compensation Recovery Unit (CRU)

What does public liability insurance cover?

Covered

Your customers

Your clients

People watching/attending events you organise

People participating in events you organise

Accidental damage to third-party property caused by your business activities

Injuries caused to third parties as a result of your business actions

Legal fees and costs to defend claims made against your business for third-party injury or damage

Not covered

Your staff

Any fines/penalties your business receives

Repair or damage costs to products you supply

Claims arising from professional advice or services

Intentional damage or actions, including deliberate harm or illegal activities

Loss of income or profits due to a claim or incident

Personal injury to business owners or partners

Damage to property or goods owned by your business

Who needs public liability insurance?

Any business that interacts with clients, customers, contractors, or the general public should seriously consider having public liability insurance. Businesses that could benefit from public liability insurance include:

Customers may slip, trip, or fall in your premises, and without insurance, the costs for medical bills or compensation could be devastating.

Whether you’re a roofer, carpenter, landscaper, or gardener, public liability insurance can help cover you for accidents or damages that occur on-site.

If you host or organise public events — be it a small community fair, a business conference or a wedding — public liability insurance is essential.

Even if your business doesn’t involve physical interaction with the public — legal advisors or financial planners, for example — clients may still expect you to have public liability insurance.

If your business operates in public spaces or clients’ locations — think mobile hairdressers, dog walkers or food delivery services — public liability insurance can protect you.

Business success stories

H2k Botanicals

"Trust your intuition and stay committed to your vision for the business."

Since founding H2k Botanicals in 2000, Hazel Barry has grown the company from a personal vision into a respected name in the skincare industry. With innovative, cruelty-free products, H2k Botanicals not only supplies the UK market, but exports to the Middle East and is now poised for further international expansion.

Hazel reflects on her business journey and how the company is thriving in an ever-evolving market.

"It’s important to listen to what the market’s telling you."

Beena is a CEO and co-founder of CCU International, a business with proprietary carbon capture technology that can help large and small businesses to achieve net zero by 2050.

Beena has big plans for the next 18 months, and here she reflects on the lessons she’s learned from the first two years of trading.

“It’s better to try something and see whether it works, than not try at all.”

Richard Young co-founded selfcatering.co.uk, after managing his own self catering properties for years. The online business helps people find their dream holiday cottage by working with rental companies across the UK. The website currently has thousands of properties available for people to browse.

Here, Richard shares his business story and highlights the challenges and opportunities that come with an online business.

Determining the right level of cover for your business

The level of public liability insurance you’ll need depends on several factors unique to your business. While most policies start at £1 million in coverage, you can opt for higher amounts up to £5 million depending on your bespoke needs.

When determining the right coverage for your business, here’s what to consider:

Clients: Some clients may require you to have a specific level of cover before working with you. This is especially true in industries like construction or if you are attempting to secure government contracts.
Level of risk: If your work involves higher risks — extreme sports or working on construction sites, for example — then you may need higher coverage to protect against the increased likelihood of accidents occurring.
Size of your projects: Larger projects or operations with higher-value assets may require more coverage.
Turnover: If your business turnover is high, you may need more cover to reflect the scale of your operations, the number of clients, or the value of assets involved. This isn’t necessarily a variable that springs to mind straight away, but it’s an important factor to consider.

How much does public liability insurance cost?

There is no one-size-fits-all price – the cost will be dependent on your business’ unique circumstances and activities.

Each business is different, and the cost will reflect the specific risks associated with your operations, and how they’re managed.

The cost of public liability insurance is influenced by several factors, and these include:

Risk level: The more hazardous your business activities, the higher the premium.

Industry: Businesses that have more direct contact with customers or the public are generally considered to have a higher risk profile.

Claims history: A clean record with no prior claims or incidents will typically lead to lower premiums.

Cover level: The higher the level of cover, the higher your premium.

Business size: Larger businesses with more employees may face higher premiums than a smaller start-up.

Type of business: Sole traders, limited companies, and partnerships may face different pricing structures.

Business	Monthly premiums from**	Monthly premiums to*
Hairdressers	£5.40	£11.34
Electricians	£6.24	£16.60
Photographers and videographers	£4.75	£13.45
Builders	£10.76	£45.55
Beauty therapists	£5.16	£9.62
Home crafts	£4.34	£11.05

* - 10% of customers paid this much, or less, between July and September 2024.

** - 90% of customers paid up to this much between July and September 2024.

These prices should only be used as a guide. When you get a quote, it'll be tailored to your unique circumstances and risk profile – so you may be quoted a price that’s a bit higher or lower.

Price shouldn’t be your only priority. Cheaper insurance could end up costing you more if it doesn’t provide the cover you need. To get the best deal, look for insurers that allow you to tailor your policy to your needs so you're not left over-paying or under-insured.

How to lower your public liability insurance premiums

If you’ve already got a public liability insurance policy and want to lower your costs, here are some strategies that could help you save money, while also ensuring you retain the right level of protection.

Different insurers offer different rates, so comparing quotes is key.

Assess your business activities carefully to ensure you’re not over-insured.

Opting for a higher excess — the amount you pay toward a claim before insurance kicks in — can lower your premium.

If you can afford to pay your premium upfront, many insurers will offer a discount. However, be sure to check with your chosen insurer, as this isn’t always the case.

A pristine claims history can result in lower premiums when renewing your policy.

How to choose the right public liability insurance for your business

Choosing the right public liability insurance is essential for protecting your business against unexpected claims, but it doesn’t have to be overwhelming. Here's what you need to consider.

Legal claims can be costly, so ensure your policy provides sufficient coverage with high enough limits. Think about the nature of your work, your customer base, and any client requirements. For example, larger clients or public contracts might insist on a minimum level of cover.

The policy excess is the amount you, the policyholder, agree to pay out of your own business’ pocket when making a claim. For example, if you have a claim for £1,000 and your excess is £250, you would pay £250, and the insurer would cover the remaining £750. Choosing a higher excess can lower your premium, but it also means you'll need to pay more out of pocket if you make a claim.

While it’s essential to avoid overspending, the cheapest policy isn’t always going to be the best fit for your needs. Once you’ve determined the right cover levels and terms, compare quotes to find a cost-effective option that doesn’t compromise on your protection.

Learn more about our business insurance partner

We qualify, quantify and offer insurance using data, analysis and technology, and we serve a wide range of business types — from dog walkers and dieticians, to landlords and locksmiths. Enro Ltd t/a Superscript is authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority.

Why Superscript?

We make it quick and easy to find, buy and manage your business insurance.

Customisable cover for 1000s of business types

Superscript will help you find the different types of cover that are right for your business.

Adjust your cover as you grow

Amend your cover with no admin fees, to address your evolving needs as your business grows.

Simple claims process

Our customer portal allows you to enter the details we need to get your claim processed.

“Accidents happen, and public liability insurance has your back when they do. Whether you’re running a café or crafting bespoke products, it’s your safety net against unexpected mishaps, helping you protect your business and your reputation.”

Joe Phelan

SME expert

How does public liability insurance work?

In practice, if a customer or member of the public is hurt, or their property is damaged due to your business operations, public liability insurance will cover the costs. This can include medical expenses and legal fees, as well as any compensation that might end up being owed.

The claims process will typically involve reporting the incident to your insurer, who will then assess the situation and help manage the claim.

Times when public liability insurance can make a difference

A courier trips over on the way out of your building

If a courier or delivery driver trips and injures themselves while on your premises or while carrying out their duties, whether they’re dropping something off or picking something up, they could file a personal injury claim against your business.

A visiting customer gets hurt

If a customer injures themselves while visiting your premises, they may have grounds to file a personal injury claim against your business. If the customer can prove that the injury resulted from unsafe conditions that you, as the business owner, were responsible for, they could seek compensation.

A passer-by is injured when your sign falls over

If a sign or display from your business falls over due to strong winds or unstable positioning, and it hits a passerby or damages their property, the affected party may decide to file a claim against your business for compensation.

You or an employee drops paint during a job

If a can of paint is knocked over and stains the client's carpet or upholstery, resulting in the need for a replacement, your insurance can help cover the associated costs.

A client hurts themselves at one of your events

If you’re hosting a corporate seminar at a venue and one of your clients trips over an exposed cable while moving around the room, public liability insurance could help cover the costs associated with an injury. Even if the accident was unintentional, the client could hold your business responsible for not maintaining a safe environment.

You accidentally spill coffee during a meeting

During a meeting at a café with a client, you accidentally spill coffee on their laptop, causing significant damage. Public liability insurance could cover the cost of replacing the laptop, as well as any compensation for the client’s lost earnings if the damage results in business downtime.

Times when public liability insurance can make a difference

A courier trips over on the way out of your building

If a courier or delivery driver trips and injures themselves while on your premises or while carrying out their duties, whether they’re dropping something off or picking something up, they could file a personal injury claim against your business.

A visiting customer gets hurt

If a customer injures themselves while visiting your premises, they may have grounds to file a personal injury claim against your business. If the customer can prove that the injury resulted from unsafe conditions that you, as the business owner, were responsible for, they could seek compensation.

A passer-by is injured when your sign falls over

If a sign or display from your business falls over due to strong winds or unstable positioning, and it hits a passerby or damages their property, the affected party may decide to file a claim against your business for compensation.

You or an employee drops paint during a job

If a can of paint is knocked over and stains the client's carpet or upholstery, resulting in the need for a replacement, your insurance can help cover the associated costs.

A client hurts themselves at one of your events

If you’re hosting a corporate seminar at a venue and one of your clients trips over an exposed cable while moving around the room, public liability insurance could help cover the costs associated with an injury. Even if the accident was unintentional, the client could hold your business responsible for not maintaining a safe environment.

You accidentally spill coffee during a meeting

During a meeting at a café with a client, you accidentally spill coffee on their laptop, causing significant damage. Public liability insurance could cover the cost of replacing the laptop, as well as any compensation for the client’s lost earnings if the damage results in business downtime.

How to get public liability insurance

Getting the right public liability insurance doesn’t have to be complicated – just follow these simple steps:

Share the details of your business and its risks: Provide some basic details about your business, including the type of work you do and the level of risk involved. This helps insurers understand your needs.
Assess customised coverage: Based on your responses, you’ll be matched up with the most suitable policies.
Select your cover: Choose the level of cover you feel is right for you. Adjust limits and excess amounts to ensure you're getting the best value.
Get a quote: After you’ve selected your ideal policy, you’ll receive a quote. If everything looks good, purchase your cover.
Manage your policy online: Superscript allows you to manage your policy through a simple online portal. You can make adjustments, renew your cover, or even file claims – all at your convenience.

Other types of business insurance to consider

Employers’ liability insurance

If you employ staff who aren't immediate family members — including interns or temporary workers — you’re legally required to have employers' liability insurance. Without this cover, you risk not only breaking the law but also being left unprotected if one of your employees is injured or becomes ill and decides to make a claim.

Professional indemnity insurance

Public liability insurance covers injury or property damage claims, while professional indemnity insurance is designed to protect you against losses or damage caused by poor services, errors, or bad advice provided to clients. If your business offers professional services or advice, this type of cover can safeguard you from claims related to mistakes, negligence, or breaches of professional duty.

Goods in transit insurance

Goods in transit insurance protects your business if the goods you sell or transport are damaged, lost, or stolen while being moved. Whether delivering products or transporting goods, this insurance can provide financial protection in case something goes wrong, and can cover a range of incidents including theft, accidents, or unforeseen damage.

Other types of business insurance to consider

Employers’ liability insurance

If you employ staff who aren't immediate family members — including interns or temporary workers — you’re legally required to have employers' liability insurance. Without this cover, you risk not only breaking the law but also being left unprotected if one of your employees is injured or becomes ill and decides to make a claim.

Professional indemnity insurance

Public liability insurance covers injury or property damage claims, while professional indemnity insurance is designed to protect you against losses or damage caused by poor services, errors, or bad advice provided to clients. If your business offers professional services or advice, this type of cover can safeguard you from claims related to mistakes, negligence, or breaches of professional duty.

Goods in transit insurance

Goods in transit insurance protects your business if the goods you sell or transport are damaged, lost, or stolen while being moved. Whether delivering products or transporting goods, this insurance can provide financial protection in case something goes wrong, and can cover a range of incidents including theft, accidents, or unforeseen damage.

Public liability insurance: FAQs

Is public liability insurance a legal requirement?

No, public liability insurance isn’t a legal requirement in the UK. However, it’s strongly recommended for businesses that engage with the public. Without it, your business could be exposed to significant financial risks if, for example, a customer is injured or property is damaged as a result of your business activities.

Can I be sued for accidents that are not my fault?

Absolutely – even if you don't consider an accident to be your fault, you can still be sued. For instance, a customer might allege that your business activities contributed to their injury, even if you don’t believe that’s the case. However, this doesn’t mean your business will automatically be held liable – a claim will only succeed if you’re found to be at fault.

Even if you don’t believe you’re responsible, public liability insurance can provide essential support, covering legal fees and compensation if necessary. If you’re unsure about the validity of a claim, it’s always best to contact your insurer for guidance.

Can I get a certificate for public liability?

You can — and should — get a certificate. When you take out public liability insurance in the UK, your insurer will provide you with a certificate of insurance. This serves as proof that you have coverage in place, and is something clients, suppliers, or partners may want to see before they agree to work with you.

What’s the difference between public and general liability insurance?

Public liability insurance and general liability insurance are somewhat similar, but there are nuances that make them distinct. Public liability insurance covers your business if a member of the public is injured or their property is damaged due to your business activities. This could include incidents like a customer slipping in your shop, or your business sign falling on someone’s head.

General liability insurance provides broader coverage. It includes public liability, but also covers other areas such as employee injuries, damage to property owned by your business, and potential lawsuits related to advertising or defamation. General liability insurance is commonly used by businesses in sectors such as manufacturing or construction.

How are public liability and professional indemnity insurance different?

Public liability insurance and professional indemnity insurance serve different purposes for businesses, protecting against distinct types of risks.

Public liability insurance protects your business if a member of the public is injured or their property is damaged as a result of your business activities, while professional indemnity insurance is designed for businesses that offer professional advice or services.

The core purpose of professional indemnity insurance is to cover claims made against your business for errors, omissions, or negligence in the advice or services you provide. For example, if a client claims that they have suffered financial loss due to a mistake in your professional work, professional indemnity insurance can help cover legal costs and any subsequent compensation.

Check out our full guide for more information.

Can I get public liability cover if I am self-employed?

Certainly – anyone who is self-employed can get public liability insurance. Whether you’re a freelancer, contractor, or sole trader, it can protect you should a member of the public claim that they were injured, or their property was damaged, owing to your business activities.

Do I need public liability insurance for one-off events?

Public liability insurance is not a legal requirement, but it is certainly a sensible choice for anyone hosting a one-off event. Even if it’s a short-term or temporary event, having coverage can ensure you're protected against potential claims, and will also provide peace of mind.

Will public liability insurance cover injuries to employees?

No, public liability insurance does not cover injuries to employees. Public liability insurance, as the name suggests, is designed to cover injuries or property damage to third parties, such as customers or members of the public. For employee injuries, you’ll need employers' liability insurance, which is a separate policy. Unlike public liability insurance, it is a legal requirement for most businesses in the UK.

Does public liability insurance cover my contractors?

Typically, public liability insurance will not cover contractors, as they are not deemed members of the public. Contractors are, generally speaking, considered separate businesses rather than members of the public. However, if a contractor causes injury or property damage to a third party while working on your behalf, your public liability insurance may help cover any related claims. It’s important for contractors to have their own insurance to ensure they’re fully protected. If you’re working with contractors regularly, it’s a good idea to check that they have the appropriate cover.

Will public liability insurance cover me if I need to visit a client?

Yes, public liability insurance will cover you if you need to visit a client. If an incident occurs during your visit, such as a client being injured, your public liability insurance can help cover any legal fees or compensation. It's essential to ensure you're covered for all business activities, whether at your premises or at a client’s location.

Does it cost to claim on public liability insurance?

While there’s generally no direct cost to making a claim on your public liability insurance, there will likely be additional costs involved, such as your insurance excess – the amount you must pay before your insurer covers the rest. Also, it’s worth keeping in mind that if your claim leads to higher risk, your premiums may increase when it’s time to renew your policy.

Is it cheaper to pay for my public liability insurance policy up front in full?

Traditionally, insurers have charged interest on monthly payments, making it cheaper to pay for an annual policy. However, some insurers now offer monthly payment options with no extra cost, which could provide you with more flexibility. Comparing payment options will help you choose the best option for your business. Also, be sure to check the terms and conditions of your policy to ensure you’re clear on whether any interest or additional fees apply.

Do I have to pay to make a public liability insurance claim?

Generally speaking you will not need to pay to make a public liability insurance claim, but you might need to pay an excess. Also, be aware that some insurers charge administrative fees depending on the type of claim, so be sure to review your policy to ensure you're fully aware of any potential charges.

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About the author

Joe Phelan

Joe joined the money.co.uk team in 2024. His role is to demystify business finance by creating jargon-free, practical content.

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